He pēhea te pānga o te rerenga toto ki te mata whenua ki te nui o te kahu?
Ka hōpara a Ahorangi Tuarua Jo James o Waipapa Taumata Rau i te pānga o te āhua o te rerenga toto ki te mata whenua ki te whānautanga mai o tētahi pēpi iti rawa
Published on 3 Whiringa-ā-rangi November 2022
Ko tētahi o ngā wāhi toto ino uaua i roto i te tinana tangata, e kīia ana ko te 'intervillous space', ka whanake i te hapūtanga. He wāhi manawa tino whānui me tētahi hanganga ā-rākau kei roto i te whakawhitinga whenua – e rere ai te toto me te kawe i ngā matūkai me te hāora i waenga i te whenua me te wāhi intervillous – he tino hira mō te whakatipu i tētahi kahu hauora. Ko te mutunga atu pea o tētahi whakawhitinga waimaero ko tētahi mate e kīia ana ko te tipu whāiti o te kahu, ka whakaraerae te whānau mai o te pēpi tino paku. He raru haumanu nui tēnei, ā, kāore he maimoatanga i tua atu o te whānau pī. Neke atu i te 50% o ngā āhuatanga tipu whāiti o te kahu kāore e kitea i mua o te whānautanga mai, ā, ko tēnei mate te āhuatanga mōrea nui rawa mō te whānau kahu.
Ka rongo tētahi pūtau tino rerekē e kīia ana ko te syncytiotrophoblast kei te mata o waho o te whenua i te rerenga toto mā te wāhi intervillous. E kī ana ngā mahi o mua a te Rōpū Whakatauira Hapūtanga e ārahina ana e ta Ahorangi Tuarua James rāua Ahorangi Tuarua Alys Clark ka puta i tēnei rongo ko tētahi hononga akiaki i waenga i te rerenga toto me te whanaketanga o te whenua puta noa i te hapūtanga. Engari, he tino iti noa te whai whakaaro ki te tipu o te whanaungatanga i waenga i te rerenga toto me te hoahoa pūtautau whenua i te roanga o te hapūtanga.
Associate Professors Jo James and Alys Clark (sitting) examine placental cells under the microscope. Photo supplied
Kua whakawhiwhia te Ahorangi Tuarua James me tōna rōpū i tētahi takuhe Tahua Marsden Arowhānui hei tūhura i te āhua o te huri o te rerenga toto i te mata whenua i roto i te tipu whāiti o te kahu. Ka tiro rātau ki ngā urupare o te kaha ahotea o te pūtau syncytiotrophoblast o te whenua, ngā pānga o tēnei ahotea pūtau ki te whanaketanga me te mahi a te whenua. Ka whakakotahi tēnei kaupapa i ngā utauta pūkahakoiora tino hou rawa, pērā i te atahanga Whakaata Tinana Rorohiko-Mōkito, mā ngā utauta pūtau tātā. Ko te whāinga whānui he wetewete i ngā hononga i waenga i te hoahoa whenua, te rerena toto wāhi intervillous, me ngā mahi pūtau syncytiotrophoblast e hira ai mō te tipu o te ira tangata. He mea nui ēnei tirohanga kai mōhiotia ai ngā tukanga taketake o te tipu whāiti o te kahu me te whakapai ake i te kaha ki te tāutu i te pēpi e noho mōrea ana.